The Lord of the Animals

 

Credit: SajjadF

A fascinating post by Robert Mathiesen over at JMG´s blog Ecosophia just now: 

>>>Chimpanzees and Baboons have each been observed showing behavior that is most easily interpreted as their being overcome by awe or some other numinous experience in nature. Here is the primatologist Barbara Smuts on her own observations:

>>>“One experience I expecially treasure. The Gombe baboons were travelling to their sleeping trees late in the day, moving slowly down a stream with many small, still pools, a route they often traversed. Without any signal perceptible to me, each baboon sat at the edge of a pool on one of the many smooth rocks that lined the edges of the stream. They sat alone or in small clusters, completely silent, gazing at the water. Even the perpetually noisy juveniles fell into silent contemplation. I joined them. Half an hour later, again with no perceptible signal, they resumed their journey in what felt like an almost sacramental procession. I was stunned by this mysterious expression of what I have come to think of as baboon sangha. Although I´ve spent years with baboons, I witnessed this only twice, both times at Gombe. I have never heard another primatologist recount such an experience. I sometimes wonder if, on these two occasions, I was granted a glimpse of a dimension of baboon life they do not normally expose to people. These moments reminded me how little we really know about the ‘more-than-human world’.” — Smuts, “Encounters with Animal Minds,” Journal of Consciousness Studies 8 (2001), 293–309.

>>>Oveer the last 15 or so years, the Journal for the Study of Religion, Nature and Culture has been publishing academic studies of what seems very much like religious behavior or numinous experience in some species of animals, notably non-human primates. James R. Harrod goes so far as to speak of “chimpanzee religion” in at least one of his articles, and Paul Cunningham makes a good case for what he calls “animal spirituality.”

>>>Since very many species of animals, including non-human primates, have rituals of behavior that serve to maintain their social orders, it seems to me reasonable to suppose a multi-step development over evolutionary time that led to human religions: (1) unsought experiences of awe and other sorts of numinous experience, and (2) ritualized behavior developing in response to such experiences, as it does in response to many other sorts of animal experience. From these develop (3) more or less well organized systems of ritual response, or ceremonies, which are to be exhibited at appropriate times and/or places (leading to calendars and maps of various sorts). And eventually, humans –being human! — eventually try to think about their behavior of this sort, developing philosophies and theologies as a sort of [inherently inadequate, IMHO] intellectualization of their experience. All this, of course, is very much IMHO — basically, just my own [inherently inadequate] intellectualization. 

I´ve heard of Jane Goodall´s observation of chimpanzees worshipping waterfalls, and also of corvid funerals, but this one was new. Maybe God is the Lord of the Animals, after all...