An essay on the Bornholm flags, originally posted at Amazon.
Bornholm is an island in the southern part of the
Baltic Sea. It's controlled by Denmark, despite being geographically closer to
Sweden. But then, Scania and several other areas in southern Sweden were Danish
until the 17th century. Some Bornholmers apparently still speak an old
fashioned dialect of Scanian. Ironically, Danes don't understand it and
sometimes consider it a separate language! Bornholm is unique in other ways,
too. During World War II, it was the only Scandinavian territory liberated from
Nazi occupation by the Red Army. The rest of Denmark plus Norway was liberated
by the Western Allies. The Soviets landed on May 9, 1945 and didn't leave until
April 5, 1946.
Bornholm has three regional flags, all of them unofficial, but all of them
widely used anyway. The most popular design is the red flag with a green cross,
available from this product page. It's known as "turistflaget" and is
apparently used by pretty much everyone, from Bornholm troops away on maneuver
in other parts of Denmark, to visiting German tourists. The flag isn't older
than the 1970's, but the local patriots have invented a legend around it,
claiming that it was adopted by Christianized Vikings in 1085. The same tall
tale claims that the famed Jomsvikings were based at Bornholm and flew a red
banner with a green hammer symbolizing the Norse god Thor. With the advent of
Christianity, Thor's hammer was simply replaced by the cross!
The second Bornholm flag has the green cross separated from the red field by a
white cross, which – as any nerd can tell you – is “heraldically correct”, but
apparently less popular, perhaps because flags with this design are more
difficult to sew. Finally, Bornholmers sometimes use a red flag with a yellow
cross. In Sweden, this banner is usually associated with Scania (Skåne), but it
may also symbolize a much larger region, Skåneland or Skånelandene. These are
the regions of southern Sweden which used to be Danish, plus Bornholm, which
reverted back to Denmark's suzerainty after a short Swedish interlude.
Had the Red Army decided to stay put at Bornholm, we would presumably have a
flag of a Danish Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, too, but the good people
of the island were spared *this* particular excitement…