Short answer: claims like “IQ = 276” are not just unlikely — they are mathematically meaningless.
Let’s unpack why.
1. What IQ scores actually are
Modern IQ tests (like the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale or the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales) do not measure intelligence on an absolute scale.
They are norm-referenced:
IQ=100+15×z
where z is how many standard deviations above or below the population mean a person is.
So:
But here’s the crucial point:
IQ tests are only calibrated and validated for a limited range of z-scores.
Beyond that range, the numbers lose meaning.
2. Why extreme IQ numbers collapse
To assign a real IQ of, say, 200, a test would need to:
-
Contain items hard enough to distinguish people at ~7 SD above the mean
-
Have a large enough norming sample to estimate how rare such performance is
-
Demonstrate reliability at that level
None of this exists.
For perspective:
-
5 SD (IQ ≈ 175) → 1 in 3.5 million
-
6 SD (IQ ≈ 190) → 1 in 500 million
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7 SD (IQ ≈ 205) → 1 in ~80 billion (more than the number of humans who have ever lived)
So if someone claims an IQ of 276:
z=15276−100≈11.7
That corresponds to a rarity of about:
1 in 10³¹ humans
That is more than the number of atoms in a cup of water.
It’s not “very rare.”
It is statistically impossible in any meaningful sense.
3. What IQ tests actually top out at
Most well-designed modern IQ tests:
Beyond that:
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Ceiling effects dominate
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Scores depend on extrapolation, not measurement
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Small errors in raw score become enormous errors in IQ
This is why official manuals usually cap reporting around 160 or 165.
Anything above that is basically:
“You hit the ceiling; you are smarter than this test can tell.”
4. Where do numbers like 200–300 come from?
They usually come from:
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Untimed or experimental tests never properly normed
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Extrapolating from childhood scores
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Using ratios instead of deviation IQs
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Self-administered online tests
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High-IQ societies inventing their own scales
These violate basic psychometrics.
The numbers look impressive — but they are numerology, not measurement.
5. The highest IQ that can be meaningfully claimed
In real psychometrics:
| IQ | Meaningfulness |
|---|
| ≤145 | Very solid |
| 145–160 | Strongly reliable |
| 160–170 | Still meaningful |
| 170–180 | Rough, ceiling-limited |
| >180 | Not psychometrically real |
So the highest meaningful IQ is about:
~170–180 (4–5 SD above the mean)
Everything above that is not “more genius” — it is outside the measuring instrument’s domain.
6. Why this doesn’t diminish genius
People like John von Neumann or Kurt Gödel may well have had cognitive abilities far beyond most test ceilings — but IQ cannot quantify that.
At the extreme high end, intelligence becomes multidimensional, and a single number breaks down.
Bottom line
When you see:
“IQ = 240” or “IQ = 276”
what it really means is:
“Someone took a test that could not measure them, and a big number was invented.”
The real upper bound of meaningful IQ is around 170–180 — after that, the scale stops working.
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